François-Dominique Toussaint Louverture, also known as Toussaint Bréda or Toussaint-L'Ouverture (Cap-Haïtien 1743 - Château de Joux, near Pontarlier 1803) was a French general and leader of the Haitian Revolution, which led to the abolition of slavery and the independence of the French colony of Saint-Domingue as the republic of Haiti (which included the entire island of Hispaniola from 1801 to 1844).